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The term "multiple independent sources" in journalism, criminal justice, science〔 "An efficient algorithm for blind separation of multiple independent sources", Feng, D. and Zheng, W.X., in Proceedings of ISCAS, 2006, web: (AM6 ). 〕 and general research,〔 ''Handbook of biosurveillance'', Michael M. Wagner, Andrew W. Moore, Ron M. Aryel, 2006, p.235, Google Books link: ( -->id=98twE2_n4wYC&pg=PA235&lpg=PA235 BG-YC ). 〕〔 "Ebola Outbreaks May Have Had Independent Sources", ''Science'', January 16, 2004, web: (SM98 ). 〕 refers to two or more unconnected people, organizations, entities or objects which provide a given set of information or samples. For example, two separate people who witness a traffic accident, first hand, could be considered independent sources. However, if one person witnessed the accident and told the other one about it, then they would not be ''independent'', since one would ''depend'' on the other for their information. Also, if two witnesses to an event discuss what they saw before they are consulted and agree on a consistent story, then they are also no longer independent. As another example, two scientific devices could be considered independent sources of measurement data, unless they shared the same wiring or electrical power supply (or similar factors). Consulting multiple independent sources is a common technique for detecting errors and deception, as any divergences or contradictions between statements, or data samples, would likely indicate one of these. Famously, the ''New York Times's'' minimal standard for reporting a fact not otherwise attributed to a single speaker is that it be verified by at least two independent sources. Circular reporting is a situation where multiple sources ''appear'' to be independent, but in reality originate from a single source. Because circular reporting can happen inadvertently in many situations, extra care must be taken to ensure that multiple sources actually are independent, rather than interconnected in an obscure manner. ==See also== * Editorial independence, not permitting advertisers to dictate news content 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Independent sources」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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